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The 2026 eligible-expense list

The complete CRA list of Health Spending Account Eligible Expenses

Every expense the Canada Revenue Agency lets a Health Spending Account reimburse, A to Z — with the prescription, certification and Form T2201 flags from the CRA's own eligibility table, the dollar caps, and the provision that disqualifies each item on the other list. Free printable checklist included.

  • 18 min read
  • For Canadian employees, employers, and accountants
  • Updated 2026-08-12
ITA s. 118.2(2)

A Health Spending Account has no expense list of its own — it uses the CRA's

TL;DRA Health Spending Account has no expense list of its own. Under CRA Interpretation Bulletin IT-339R2, paragraph 4, an HSA — legally a Private Health Services Plan under subsection 248(1) of the Income Tax Act — may only reimburse expenses that would qualify for the Medical Expense Tax Credit under subsection 118.2(2), which is the same list every Canadian taxpayer uses at filing time.

"Health Spending Account," "Healthcare Spending Account" and "HCSA" are three marketing names for one thing: a Private Health Services Plan, defined in subsection 248(1) of the Income Tax Act. The tax treatment comes from that definition — deductible to the employer, not employment income to the employee — and so does the boundary of what the plan may pay for.

IT-339R2 draws that boundary in one clause, and the wording matters because it sets a ceiling rather than a menu. A plan may choose to cover less than subsection 118.2(2) allows. It can never cover more and stay a private health services plan.

The public reference is the CRA's page for lines 33099 and 33199, "Details of medical expenses," last modified January 20, 2026. It names each expense and flags, item by item, whether a prescription is needed, whether a medical practitioner must certify the need in writing, and whether Form T2201 — the Disability Tax Credit Certificate — must be approved and on file. The A–Z table further down this page reproduces those entries with the conditions and dollar limits folded into each row.

One disambiguation before you read on. This page is about the Canadian Health Spending Account. The American "HSA" is a personal savings account governed by the U.S. Internal Revenue Code with its own list in IRS Publication 502; the two share an acronym and nothing else. Plan setup, carry-forward and audit rules are also out of scope here — those are the subject of the rules guide linked below.

must be in respect of hospital care or expense or medical care or expense which normally would otherwise have qualified as a medical expense under the provisions of subsection 118.2(2)

CRA, IT-339R2, paragraph 4

The five terms that decide every answer on this page

HSA / HCSA
Two marketing names for the same product: an employer-funded account that reimburses employees for medical expenses.
PHSP
Private Health Services Plan — the legal category in ITA s. 248(1) that an HSA must fit to be tax-free to the employee.
METC
Medical Expense Tax Credit — the personal credit in ITA s. 118.2 whose eligible-expense list the HSA borrows in full.
Form T2201
Disability Tax Credit Certificate — must be approved and on file before a small number of listed expenses qualify.
Regulation 5700
The schedule of prescribed medical devices in the Income Tax Regulations. A device that is not on it is not eligible, however medically necessary.

Which list applies to your plan

Which list applies to your plan
What you haveWhich list governs it
Canadian HSA or HCSA (a PHSP)The Income Tax Act s. 118.2(2) list — the CRA's eligibility table for lines 33099 and 33199.
Group insurance planThe insurer's policy booklet, which is narrower. An insured plan pays for what the contract covers, and contracts rarely reach the full statutory list.
U.S. Health Savings AccountIRS Publication 502. Different country, different statute; nothing on this page applies to it.
Free download

The printable checklist: every eligible and ineligible expense on one page

TL;DRThe CRA does not publish a one-page checklist of eligible medical expenses. Its official downloadable document is Guide RC4065, Medical Expenses (2025 edition), a full-length guide, and the per-item conditions live on a web page rather than in a printable table — so this page includes a free, ungated, two-page checklist of the same list, dated and cited back to the CRA source.

Start with the CRA's own material if you want the authority in hand: Guide RC4065, Medical Expenses, is free on canada.ca and covers the credit in full, and the "Details of medical expenses" page carries the conditions attached to each entry. Neither is something you can pin above a desk or hand to an employee.

The checklist below is the same list, compressed. Page one groups the eligible expenses by category with P, C and T markers for prescription, written certification and Form T2201, and carries the dollar caps as footnotes. Page two lists what is not eligible with the reason for each, the massage-therapy province matrix, and the Medical Expense Tax Credit threshold. It is dated, it names its source, and it is updated when the CRA changes the list.

The whole list, on one page

Print it, pin it in the lunchroom, or send it to your bookkeeper. No email required.

PDF · 2 pages · updated August 2026

Download the checklist
A to Z

The complete A–Z table of CRA-eligible medical expenses

TL;DRThis is the CRA's eligibility table for lines 33099 and 33199, reproduced in alphabetical order with the agency's own flags — prescription needed, written certification needed, Form T2201 needed — and the dollar limits and conditions from the CRA's "Details of medical expenses" page, which was last modified January 20, 2026. A Health Spending Account reimburses from this table and nothing outside it.

Type a word to filter, or jump to a letter. Where a row reads "Conditional," the expense is eligible only in the circumstances set out in the notes — read the note before you spend, not after.

Showing 133 of 133 expenses.

Medical expenses eligible for Health Spending Account reimbursement under Income Tax Act subsection 118.2(2), in alphabetical order, with the prescription, written certification and Form T2201 requirements the Canada Revenue Agency attaches to each.
ExpenseHSA-eligible?Prescription / certificationConditions and limits
Acoustic couplerEligiblePrescriptionModem coupler that lets a person with a hearing impairment use a telephone.
Air conditionerEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a severe chronic ailment, disease or disorder. Claim the lesser of $1,000 and 50% of the amount paid.
Air filter, cleaner or purifierEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a severe chronic respiratory ailment or immune system disorder, to cope with or overcome that ailment.
Altered auditory feedback devicesEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a speech impairment.
Ambulance serviceEligibleNone requiredTo or from a public or licensed private hospital.
Artificial eyeEligibleNone required
Artificial limbEligibleNone required
Assisted breathing devicesEligiblePrescriptionDevices that give air to the lungs under pressure, including CPAP machines and mechanical ventilators.
Athletic or fitness club feesNot eligibleNot applicableMembership and program fees are not a medical service under ITA s. 118.2(2).
Attendant care and care in a facilityEligibleNone requiredAmounts paid for attendant care at home, in a group home, or in a nursing home or other facility. How much is claimable depends on the type of care and on whether the Disability Tax Credit is also being claimed.
Audible signal devicesEligiblePrescriptionLarge bells, loud-ringing bells, visible signals and vibrating signals, for a person with a hearing impairment.
Baby breathing monitorEligiblePrescription · Written certificationFor a child at risk of sudden infant death syndrome. A medical practitioner must certify in writing that the child is at risk.
Bathroom aidsEligiblePrescriptionTo help a person get in or out of a bathtub or shower, or on or off a toilet.
Birth control devicesNot eligibleNot applicableNon-prescription devices are not eligible. Prescription contraceptives dispensed by a pharmacist are eligible as prescription drugs.
Bliss symbol boardsEligiblePrescriptionOr similar devices used by a person with a speech impairment to communicate by selecting symbols or spelling out words.
Blood coagulation monitorsEligiblePrescriptionFor a person who needs anticoagulation therapy, including disposable peripherals.
Blood pressure monitorsNot eligibleNot applicableNot eligible, even on medical advice.
Bone conduction receiverEligibleNone required
Bone marrow transplantEligibleNone requiredReasonable amounts paid to find a compatible donor and arrange the transplant, including legal fees and insurance premiums, plus reasonable travel, board and lodging for the patient, the donor, and their attendants.
Braces for a limbEligibleNone requiredIncludes a woven or elasticized stocking where it is a substitute for a brace.
Braille note-taker devicesEligiblePrescriptionSo a person who is blind can take notes with a device that reads them back or prints them in braille.
Braille printers, synthetic speech systems and large print-on-screen devicesEligiblePrescriptionDesigned to let a person who is blind operate a computer.
Breast prosthesisEligiblePrescriptionBecause of a mastectomy.
Cancer treatmentEligibleNone requiredIn or outside Canada, provided by a medical practitioner or a public or licensed private hospital.
Catheters, catheter trays and tubingEligibleNone requiredOr other products needed for incontinence caused by illness, injury or affliction.
CertificatesEligibleNone requiredThe fee paid to a medical practitioner for completing and providing information on Form T2201 or another required certificate.
Chair (power-operated guided chair for a stairway)EligiblePrescriptionIncluding installation.
Cochlear implantEligibleNone required
Computer peripheralsEligiblePrescription
Cosmetic surgeryConditionalNone requiredEligible where the procedure is necessary for medical or reconstructive purposes — surgery to address a deformity related to a congenital abnormality, a personal injury resulting from an accident or trauma, or a disfiguring disease. Procedures undertaken purely for cosmetic reasons are excluded by ITA s. 118.2(2.1).
Cosmetic surgery solely for cosmetic proceduresNot eligibleNot applicableLiposuction, hair replacement procedures, filler injections to remove wrinkles and teeth whitening are excluded by ITA s. 118.2(2.1), whatever the amount paid.
CrutchesEligibleNone required
Deaf-blind intervening servicesEligibleNone requiredPaid to someone in the business of providing these services.
Dental servicesEligibleNone requiredPaid to a medical practitioner or a dentist. Purely cosmetic dental work is excluded by ITA s. 118.2(2.1).
Dentures and dental implantsEligibleNone required
Devices or software for reading printEligiblePrescriptionDesigned to be used by a person who is blind or who has a severe learning disability.
Diaper servicesNot eligibleNot applicableThe service is not eligible, although the diapers themselves are.
Diapers and disposable briefsEligibleNone requiredFor a person who is incontinent because of illness, injury or affliction.
Driveway alterationEligibleNone requiredReasonable amounts paid to alter the driveway of the main residence of a person with a severe and prolonged mobility impairment, to ease access to a bus.
Drugs and medical devices bought under Health Canada's Special Access ProgramsEligibleNone required
Egg and sperm freezing and storageEligibleNone requiredTo preserve ova (eggs) or sperm for the purpose of conceiving a child in the future.
Elastic support hoseEligiblePrescriptionDesigned only to relieve swelling caused by chronic lymphedema.
ElectrolysisEligibleNone requiredOnly amounts paid to a medical practitioner qualify. Purely cosmetic procedures are not eligible.
Electronic bone healing deviceEligiblePrescription
Electronic speech synthesizersEligiblePrescriptionSo a person who cannot speak can communicate using a portable keyboard.
Electrotherapy devicesEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a chronic ailment or a severe mobility impairment.
Environment control systemEligiblePrescriptionComputerized or electronic, for a person with a severe and prolonged mobility impairment.
Extremity pumpEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with chronic lymphedema.
Fertility-related proceduresEligibleNone requiredAmounts paid to a medical practitioner or a public or licensed private hospital to conceive a child. Since 2022, certain amounts paid to a fertility clinic or donor bank in Canada for donor sperm, ova or embryos also qualify.
FurnaceEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a severe chronic respiratory ailment or immune system disorder.
Gluten-free food productsEligibleWritten certificationOnly the incremental cost of gluten-free products over comparable non-gluten-free products, for a person with celiac disease certified in writing by a medical practitioner.
Health plan premiums paid by an employer and not included in your incomeNot eligibleNot applicableYou cannot claim an amount you never paid and were never taxed on.
Hearing aidsEligibleNone requiredIncluding repairs and batteries.
Heart monitoring devicesEligiblePrescriptionIncluding repairs and batteries.
Hospital bedEligiblePrescriptionIncluding attachments.
Hospital servicesEligibleNone requiredPublic or licensed private hospital services.
Hot tub installed in a homeNot eligibleNot applicableDrawn from the CRA's whirlpool bath treatments entry rather than a line item of its own on the CRA's table. The tub is not eligible even when prescribed; treatments given by a medical practitioner are.
Ileostomy and colostomy padsEligibleNone requiredIncluding pouches and adhesives.
In vitro fertility programEligibleNone required
Infusion pumpEligiblePrescriptionIncluding disposable peripherals, to treat diabetes; also a device that lets a person with diabetes measure their blood sugar level.
Injection pensEligiblePrescriptionTo give injections, such as an insulin pen.
Insulin or substitutesEligiblePrescription
Kidney machine (dialyzer)EligibleNone requiredIncluding repairs, maintenance, installation, related supplies and electricity, and additions or alterations to a home needed to install it.
Laboratory procedures and servicesEligiblePrescriptionIncluding the required interpretation. COVID-19 tests need a prescription to qualify, even where the test was required for travel.
Laryngeal speaking aidsEligibleNone required
Laser eye surgeryEligibleNone requiredNo prescription required.
Lift or transportation equipmentEligiblePrescriptionPower-operated, designed only to help a person with a disability move between levels of a building, or into or out of a vehicle or a wheelchair.
Liver extract injectableEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with pernicious anaemia.
LodgingConditionalNone requiredDrawn from the accommodation clause inside the CRA's travel expenses entries rather than a line item of its own on the CRA's table. Eligible only as part of travel for medical services unavailable locally, and only where the person travelled at least 80 km one way. See Travel expenses.
Medical cannabisEligibleNone requiredCannabis, cannabis oil, plants or seeds bought for a patient who holds a medical document, from a holder of a licence for sale under the Cannabis Regulations. The cost of growing cannabis at home is not eligible.
Medical services by medical practitionersEligibleNone requiredAmounts paid to a medical practitioner, dentist or nurse, or to a public or licensed private hospital. Which professions count as a medical practitioner is decided province by province.
Medical services provided outside of CanadaEligibleNone requiredPaid to a licensed medical practitioner or a licensed hospital outside Canada.
Mobile applicationNot eligibleNot applicableAn app that tracks health information and sends it to a doctor is not eligible. A device that measures blood glucose is.
Moving expensesConditionalNone requiredReasonable moving expenses, to a limit of $2,000 ($3,525 for residents of Ontario), to move to housing that is more accessible for a person with a severe and prolonged mobility impairment.
Needles and syringesEligiblePrescription
Note-taking servicesEligibleWritten certificationFor a person with an impairment in physical or mental functions certified in writing by a medical practitioner, paid to someone in the business of providing these services.
NurseEligibleNone requiredFull-time or part-time nursing care in a self-contained domestic establishment or in a hospital.
Nursing homeConditionalNone requiredDrawn from the CRA's attendant care and care in a facility entry rather than a line item of its own on the CRA's table. Full-time care in a nursing home; how much is claimable depends on the care provided and on whether the Disability Tax Credit is also claimed.
Optical scannersEligiblePrescriptionOr similar devices designed to help a person who is blind read print.
Organ transplantEligibleNone requiredReasonable amounts paid to find a compatible donor and arrange the transplant, including legal fees and insurance premiums, plus reasonable travel, board and lodging for the patient, the donor, and their attendants.
Organic foodNot eligibleNot applicableNot eligible. The narrow food exception is the incremental cost of gluten-free products for certified celiac disease.
Orthodontic workEligibleNone requiredFor medical reasons. Purely cosmetic orthodontics are excluded by ITA s. 118.2(2.1).
Orthopaedic shoes, boots and insertsEligiblePrescriptionCustom made, on the written order of a medical practitioner.
Osteogenesis stimulatorEligiblePrescriptionInductive coupling, for treating non-union of fractures or aiding bone fusion.
Over-the-counter medicationsNot eligibleNot applicableThe CRA states these cannot be claimed even if prescribed by a medical practitioner.
Oxygen and oxygen tentEligiblePrescriptionIncluding other equipment needed to administer oxygen, and the electricity to run it.
Oxygen concentratorEligibleNone requiredAmounts paid to buy, use and maintain an oxygen concentrator, including the electricity to run it.
PacemakersEligiblePrescription
Page-turner devicesEligiblePrescriptionTo help a person turn the pages of a book when a severe and prolonged impairment markedly restricts the use of their arms or hands.
Personal response systemsNot eligibleNot applicableSystems such as Lifeline and Health Line Services are not eligible.
Personalized therapy planEligiblePrescription · Form T2201For a person eligible for the Disability Tax Credit, where the plan is needed to access public funding for specialized therapy and is designed by a qualifying professional.
Phototherapy equipmentEligibleNone requiredFor treating psoriasis or other skin disorders, including the cost of electricity.
Pre-natal and post-natal treatmentsEligibleNone requiredPaid to a medical practitioner or a public or licensed private hospital.
Premiums paid to private health services plansConditionalNone requiredMedical, dental and hospitalization plan premiums you paid yourself qualify where the plan is a private health services plan and 90% or more of its premiums relate to eligible medical expenses. Employer-paid premiums that were not included in your income do not qualify.
Prescription drugs and medicationsEligiblePrescriptionPrescribed by a medical practitioner and recorded by a pharmacist. Products available without a prescription are not eligible even when recommended.
Pressure pulse therapy devicesEligiblePrescriptionFor treating a balance disorder.
Provincial and territorial health plan premiumsNot eligibleNot applicablePremiums and contributions to a provincial or territorial health insurance plan are not eligible in any jurisdiction. The table further down names all thirteen plans.
Radon testingNot eligibleNot applicableNot eligible, whatever the reading.
Reading servicesEligibleWritten certificationFor a person who is blind or has a severe learning disability certified in writing by a medical practitioner, paid to someone in the business of providing these services.
Real-time captioningEligibleNone requiredFor a person with a speech or hearing impairment, paid to someone in the business of providing these services.
Rehabilitative therapyEligibleNone requiredIncluding lip reading and sign language training, to adjust to a loss of hearing or speech.
Renovation or construction expensesConditionalNone requiredReasonable amounts for changes that give a person with a severe and prolonged mobility impairment access to, or greater mobility or functioning within, their home. The work must not be expected to increase the home's value and must not be something people with normal physical development would typically incur.
School for persons with an impairment in physical or mental functionsEligibleWritten certificationAn appropriately qualified person must certify in writing that the equipment, facilities or personnel the school specially provides are needed because of the person's impairment.
ScooterEligibleNone requiredBought to replace a wheelchair.
Service animalsConditionalNone requiredFor a person who is blind, profoundly deaf, has a severe and prolonged impairment that markedly restricts the use of arms or legs, is severely affected by autism or epilepsy, or — for expenses incurred after 2017 — has a severe mental impairment. The animal must be specially trained to perform specific tasks; animals that provide emotional support only do not qualify.
Sign-language interpretation servicesEligibleNone requiredFor a person with a speech or hearing impairment, paid to someone in the business of providing these services.
Spinal braceEligibleNone required
Standing devicesEligiblePrescriptionFor standing therapy, for a person with a severe mobility impairment.
Supplements and vitaminsNot eligibleNot applicableNot claimable even if prescribed. The one exception is vitamin B12 therapy for pernicious anaemia, which is a separate eligible entry.
Talking textbooksEligibleWritten certificationRelated to enrolment at a secondary school in Canada or a designated educational institution, for a person with a perceptual disability.
TeletypewritersEligiblePrescriptionOr similar devices that let a person who is deaf or unable to speak make and receive telephone calls.
Television closed caption decodersEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a hearing impairment.
TestsEligiblePrescriptionMedical tests such as electrocardiographs, electrocardiograms, metabolism tests, radiological services or procedures, spinal fluid tests, stool examinations, sugar content tests, urine analysis and x-ray services, including any related interpretation or diagnosis.
TherapyEligiblePrescription · Form T2201Therapy a person eligible for the Disability Tax Credit needs, prescribed and supervised by a medical doctor or nurse practitioner, and by a psychologist for a mental impairment or an occupational therapist for a physical impairment. Amounts paid to a family member are not eligible.
TrainingEligibleNone requiredReasonable amounts paid to train a person who cares for a relative with an impairment and who lives with, or is dependent on, that person.
Travel expenses (40 km or more one way)ConditionalNone requiredReasonable travel expenses to obtain medical services not available locally. Vehicle expenses qualify from 40 km one way; meals, accommodation, parking and an attendant's costs qualify from 80 km one way.
Travel expenses (less than 40 km one way)Not eligibleNot applicableBelow the CRA's distance threshold, travel to obtain medical care is not eligible.
Treatment centreEligibleWritten certificationFor a person addicted to drugs, alcohol or gambling. A medical practitioner must certify that the person needs the centre's specialized equipment, facilities or staff.
Truss for herniaEligibleNone required
Tutoring servicesEligibleWritten certificationSupplementary to the primary education of a person with a learning disability or an impairment in mental functions, paid to someone in the business of providing these services who is not related to the student. A medical practitioner must certify in writing that the services are needed.
VaccinesEligiblePrescription
VanConditionalNone requiredA van previously adapted, or bought to be adapted, to transport a person who needs a wheelchair: 20% of the amount paid, to a maximum of $5,000 ($8,813 for residents of Ontario).
Vehicle deviceEligiblePrescriptionDesigned only to help a person with a mobility impairment get into or out of a vehicle.
Vision devicesEligiblePrescriptionEyeglasses, contact lenses and prescription swimming goggles to correct vision, on the written order of a medical practitioner or optometrist.
Visual or vibratory signalling deviceEligiblePrescriptionUsed by a person with a hearing impairment.
Vitamin B12EligiblePrescriptionFor a person with pernicious anaemia. The only vitamin on the CRA's eligible list.
Voice recognition softwareEligibleWritten certificationUsed by a person with a physical impairment certified in writing by a medical practitioner.
Volume control featureEligiblePrescriptionAdded to a telephone for a person with a hearing impairment.
Walking aidsEligiblePrescriptionDevices designed only to help a person with a mobility impairment walk.
Water filter, cleaner or purifierEligiblePrescriptionFor a person with a severe chronic respiratory ailment or immune system disorder.
Wheelchairs and wheelchair carriersEligibleNone required
Whirlpool bath treatmentsEligibleNone requiredThe amount paid to a medical practitioner. A hot tub installed in a home is not eligible, even if prescribed.
WigsEligiblePrescriptionCustom made for a person who has suffered abnormal hair loss because of disease, medical treatment or an accident.

Source: Canada Revenue Agency, "Details of medical expenses" and the eligibility table for lines 33099 and 33199 (canada.ca; page last modified January 20, 2026). Every eligibility status and every prescription, written certification and Form T2201 flag below is the CRA's own. Three entries — hot tub installed in a home, lodging, and nursing home — are drawn from clauses inside other CRA entries rather than being line items of their own, and their notes say so. Where an entry sets a dollar limit, the limit is the federal figure, with the Ontario figure noted alongside it.

Reimbursed at 100%

Every expense on this list, reimbursed at 100%

A Health Spending Account pays the full eligible amount, tax-free to the employee and deductible to the business. The ceiling is the allocation you set — not a coinsurance percentage, and not a per-category cap.

See NuvioLife pricing
What is excluded

What is not eligible — and the provision that disqualifies each item

TL;DRThe CRA's table names a set of expenses as expressly not eligible — among them athletic and fitness club fees, over-the-counter medications even when prescribed, vitamins and supplements other than vitamin B12, blood pressure monitors, organic food, radon testing, and premiums for all thirteen provincial and territorial health plans — and subsection 118.2(2.1) of the Income Tax Act separately excludes procedures undertaken purely for cosmetic reasons.

An expense that fails the Medical Expense Tax Credit test fails Health Spending Account reimbursement too, and no administrator has discretion to add to the list. Each exclusion below names the provision or the CRA wording that disqualifies it.

Over-the-counter medications – cannot be claimed as medical expenses, even if prescribed by a medical practitioner.

CRA, Details of medical expenses
  • Athletic or fitness club fees

    Listed as not eligible on the CRA's table: club membership and program fees are not a medical service under ITA s. 118.2(2). Employers who want to fund fitness use a taxable Lifestyle Spending Account instead.

  • Over-the-counter medications

    The CRA states these cannot be claimed even if prescribed by a medical practitioner. Paragraph 118.2(2)(n) requires the drug to be prescribed and recorded by a pharmacist, and an over-the-counter purchase never is.

  • Vitamins and supplements

    Same rule, same page: not claimable even when prescribed. The single exception is vitamin B12 therapy for pernicious anaemia, which is eligible with a prescription.

  • Procedures undertaken purely for cosmetic reasons

    Excluded by ITA s. 118.2(2.1), which removes cosmetic expenses from the s. 118.2(2) list. Surgery to correct a congenital abnormality, or needed because of an accident, trauma or a disfiguring disease, remains eligible.

  • Provincial and territorial health plan premiums

    Not eligible in any of the thirteen jurisdictions; the table below names each plan. Premiums you paid yourself to a private health services plan are a different entry, and those are eligible.

  • Health plan premiums paid by an employer and not included in your income

    You cannot claim a credit for money you never paid and were never taxed on. This is the entry most often confused with the eligible one above it.

  • Blood pressure monitors

    Listed as not eligible. Blood coagulation monitors and blood glucose measuring devices are eligible with a prescription, so the distinction is the device, not the fact of taking a reading.

  • Non-prescription birth control devices

    Not eligible as a device. Prescription contraceptives dispensed and recorded by a pharmacist are eligible as prescription drugs.

  • Diaper services

    The laundering service is not eligible. The diapers and disposable briefs themselves are eligible for a person who is incontinent because of illness, injury or affliction.

  • Mobile applications that track health information

    Not eligible. A device that actually measures blood glucose is eligible with a prescription; an app that records the reading and forwards it to a doctor is not.

  • Organic food

    Not eligible. The one food exception on the CRA's list is the incremental cost of gluten-free products for a person with certified celiac disease.

  • Personal response systems such as Lifeline and Health Line Services

    Listed as not eligible on the CRA's table, regardless of the subscriber's health.

  • Radon testing

    Listed as not eligible. Home testing and remediation are treated as property costs, not medical care.

  • Travel of less than 40 km one way

    Below the CRA's distance threshold. Vehicle expenses become eligible at 40 km one way to services not available locally; meals, accommodation, parking and an attendant's costs become eligible at 80 km.

  • A hot tub installed in a home

    Not eligible even when a physician prescribes it. Whirlpool bath treatments given by a medical practitioner are eligible; the tub in the backyard is not.

  • Animals that provide emotional support only

    The service-animal entry requires an animal specially trained to perform specific tasks for a person with one of the listed impairments. Comfort and companionship alone do not meet the test.

The premium line most people get backwards

"Premiums paid to private health services plans" is eligible — that is a premium you paid yourself, and the plan must direct 90% or more of its premiums to eligible medical expenses. "Health plan premiums paid by an employer and not included in your income" is not eligible, because the amount was never yours to claim. Two adjacent entries on the same CRA page, opposite answers.

The thirteen health plans whose premiums are never eligible

The thirteen health plans whose premiums are never eligible
Province or territoryPlan
AlbertaAlberta Health Care Insurance Plan (AHCIP)
British ColumbiaMedical Services Plan (MSP)
ManitobaManitoba Health
New BrunswickNew Brunswick Medicare
Newfoundland and LabradorMedical Care Plan (MCP)
Northwest TerritoriesNWT Health Care Plan
Nova ScotiaMedical Services Insurance (MSI)
NunavutNunavut Health Care Plan
OntarioOHIP and the Ontario Health Premium
Prince Edward IslandHospital and Medical Services Plan
QuebecRAMQ prescription drug insurance contributions
SaskatchewanSaskatchewan Health
YukonYukon Health Care Insurance Plan

The honest limit of the design

A Health Spending Account also cannot replace everything a group policy's premium bought. Life, disability and critical-illness premiums are never eligible medical expenses. Out-of-country emergency medical coverage is an insured product, not a reimbursement, and no HSA balance substitutes for it. And a fixed annual allocation cannot absorb a catastrophic claim the way a pooled insured plan can. That is the real boundary of the tool, and it is why many Canadian employers run an HSA alongside a small insured layer rather than instead of one.

Before you buy

Which expenses need a prescription, a written certification, or Form T2201

TL;DRThree different documents gate three different sets of expenses. A prescription from an authorized practitioner covers the largest group, including insulin, needles and syringes, vaccines, laboratory tests and custom orthopaedic footwear. A short list instead needs a medical practitioner to certify the need in writing. And two entries — therapy and a personalized therapy plan — require an approved Form T2201, the Disability Tax Credit Certificate, on file. Medical devices carry a further condition: they must appear on the schedule in section 5700 of the Income Tax Regulations.

The A–Z table flags these per row. This section is the summary an employee needs before spending money, because every one of these documents has to exist before the purchase, not after the claim is declined.

Prescription needed

A written order from an authorized medical practitioner, dated before the purchase. This is the largest group on the CRA's table, and several entries in it surprise people:

  • Insulin and its substitutes, and needles and syringes
  • Vaccines
  • Laboratory procedures and services, including COVID-19 tests required for travel
  • Custom orthopaedic shoes, boots and inserts
  • Vision devices: eyeglasses, contact lenses, and prescription swimming goggles
  • Elastic support hose, but only where it relieves swelling from chronic lymphedema
  • Walking aids, scooters bought to replace a wheelchair, and power-operated lifts
  • Air conditioners, air filters, furnaces and water purifiers, for a severe chronic respiratory ailment or immune system disorder
  • Wigs, after abnormal hair loss caused by disease, medical treatment or an accident
  • Pacemakers and heart monitoring devices

Written certification needed

A prescription is not enough here. A medical practitioner, or in one case an appropriately qualified person, must certify in writing that the individual needs what is being paid for:

  • Baby breathing monitor, for a child at risk of sudden infant death syndrome
  • Gluten-free food products, for certified celiac disease (the incremental cost only)
  • Note-taking services
  • Reading services
  • School for persons with an impairment in physical or mental functions
  • Talking textbooks
  • Treatment centre, for addiction to drugs, alcohol or gambling
  • Tutoring services, for a learning disability or an impairment in mental functions
  • Voice recognition software

Form T2201 needed

Two entries require the Disability Tax Credit Certificate to be approved and on file, and both also require a prescription:

  • Therapy — prescribed and supervised by a medical doctor or nurse practitioner, and by a psychologist for a mental impairment or an occupational therapist for a physical impairment. Amounts paid to a family member are not eligible.
  • Personalized therapy plan — designed by a qualifying professional and required in order to access public funding for specialized therapy.

Devices have to be on the Regulation 5700 schedule

Paragraph 118.2(2)(m) of the Income Tax Act does not describe medical devices in general terms. It reaches a device or equipment of a prescribed kind, and "prescribed" here means named in section 5700 of the Income Tax Regulations. That schedule runs from artificial limbs and hospital beds to bone-conduction receivers and blood-coagulation monitors, each entry carrying its own qualifying words — which is why the CRA's descriptions are so specific about who the device is for.

a wig made to order for an individual who has suffered abnormal hair loss owing to disease, medical treatment or accident

Income Tax Regulations, s. 5700(a)

What the receipt has to show

Keep the prescription or certification with the receipt. A Health Spending Account claim is reviewed against the criteria the CRA itself applies: the receipt should name the practitioner, name their regulatory body, and show the date of service and the amount paid. Prescriptions and certifications should be dated before the purchase — a document written afterwards to rescue a claim carries very little weight.

Province by province

Paramedical services are eligible only where the profession is regulated in your province

TL;DRParagraph 118.2(2)(a) of the Income Tax Act requires payment to a medical practitioner, dentist or nurse, or to a public or licensed private hospital — and which professions count as a medical practitioner is decided province by province. Massage therapy, for example, is eligible in British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario and Prince Edward Island, and not in Alberta, Manitoba, Quebec, Saskatchewan or Nova Scotia as of 2026.

Eligibility follows the province where the service is delivered, not the province where the employer is incorporated or where payroll is run. An Ontario company with an employee in Calgary applies Alberta's answer to that employee's massage receipt.

The CRA maintains the list — "Authorized medical practitioners for the purposes of the medical expense tax credit" — and updates it as provinces regulate new professions. It is the source of truth, it does change, and it is worth checking against rather than trusting a plan booklet or a clinic's assurance.

In practice there are two groups: professions regulated nearly everywhere, where a receipt is normally enough, and professions whose status varies, where the province decides the answer.

Regulated in all or nearly all provinces

  • Physiotherapists
  • Chiropractors
  • Psychologists
  • Optometrists
  • Dentists
  • Registered nurses

Check your province first

  • Massage therapists
  • Naturopaths
  • Acupuncturists
  • Osteopaths
  • Counselling therapists
  • Registered psychotherapists

Massage therapy, province by province

Massage therapy, province by province
ProvinceMassage therapy
British ColumbiaEligible
AlbertaNot eligible
SaskatchewanNot eligible
ManitobaNot eligible
OntarioEligible
QuebecNot eligible
New BrunswickEligible
Nova ScotiaNot eligible
Prince Edward IslandEligible
Newfoundland and LabradorEligible

Status as of 2026, from the CRA's authorized-medical-practitioners page. Provinces add regulated professions over time; confirm against that page before relying on this row. The territories are not shown because the CRA's list does not currently authorize the profession there. Provincial tax treatment of the plan itself differs from provincial eligibility of the practitioner — see the Ontario guide for the retail sales tax and premium tax that apply there.

Same list, different money

Same list, very different money: HSA reimbursement vs the Medical Expense Tax Credit

TL;DRA Health Spending Account reimburses 100% of an eligible expense, tax-free. The Medical Expense Tax Credit gives a 15% federal non-refundable credit — but only on what is left after subtracting the lesser of 3% of net income or $2,890 for the 2026 tax year. At a $70,000 net income, a $2,000 dental crown produces no federal credit at all, and $2,000 through an HSA.

The credit works like this. Total the eligible medical expenses paid in any 12-month period ending in the tax year — line 33099 for yourself, your spouse or common-law partner and your children under 18, line 33199 for other dependants. Subtract the lesser of 3% of your net income (line 23600) or $2,890, the threshold for the 2026 tax year. What remains generates a 15% federal non-refundable credit, plus a provincial credit on line 58689 of your Form 428. For the 2025 tax year the threshold was $2,834.

The threshold is the part people miss. It is not a deductible you clear once and forget; it scales with income, and for most working Canadians 3% of net income comes in below $2,890, so the credit only ever touches the portion of a bill above that line. A modest year of dental and vision spending can produce no credit whatsoever.

The two never apply to the same dollar. The credit is available only for amounts you have not been and will not be reimbursed for, so an expense an HSA has paid is out of the credit entirely. They do stack in sequence: spend the allocation first, then claim the genuinely unreimbursed remainder at tax time. On the employer's side the reimbursement has its own bookkeeping life: how HSA reimbursements are recorded walks through the journal entries, the T2 deduction and the T4 treatment.

The same expense, run through both routes

The same expense, run through both routes
FeatureHealth Spending AccountMedical Expense Tax Credit
Recovery rate100% of the eligible expense, reimbursed in fullAbout 15% federally on the amount above the threshold, plus a provincial credit on Form 428
Income thresholdNone. The ceiling is the allocation the employer sets, not a percentage of incomeThe lesser of 3% of net income (line 23600) or $2,890 for the 2026 tax year
Who ends up better offThe employee: a PHSP reimbursement is not employment incomeThe taxpayer, and only on the portion of the bill above the threshold
Where it is reportedNowhere on the T4. PHSP reimbursements do not appear in box 14T1 lines 33099 (self, spouse, children under 18) and 33199 (other dependants)
TimingWhen the claim is processed, during the plan yearAt tax filing, on expenses paid in any 12-month period ending in the tax year
Can the same expense go in both?No. Once reimbursed, the expense is out of the creditNo. The credit is only for amounts you have not been and will not be reimbursed for

Worked example

One employee, $70,000 net income for the 2026 tax year, no provincial credit assumed. Two scenarios, the same eligible expenses, run through both routes.

3% of $70,000 net income
$2,100
METC threshold: the lesser of 3% of net income or $2,890
$2,100
Scenario A — $2,000 dental crown, credit base after the threshold
$0
Scenario A — federal credit at 15%
$0
Scenario A — reimbursed through a Health Spending Account
$2,000
Scenario B — $3,500 of eligible expenses, credit base after the threshold
$1,400
Scenario B — federal credit at 15%
$210
Scenario B — reimbursed through a Health Spending Account
$3,500
Scenario B: what the HSA returns and the credit does not
$3,290

Federal credit only; a provincial credit on Form 428 would add to the METC side. Threshold from the CRA's lines 33099 and 33199 page: the lesser of 3% of net income (line 23600) or $2,890 for the 2026 tax year. Figures are illustrative and rounded to whole dollars.

Step by step

How to check whether a specific expense qualifies before you claim it

Seven checks, in order. Most claims that get declined fail one of the first four.

TL;DRFind the expense by the CRA's own name, confirm the practitioner's profession is authorized in the province where the service happens, obtain any prescription or written certification before you buy, check section 5700 of the Income Tax Regulations for devices, rule out the cosmetic and over-the-counter exclusions, keep an itemized receipt naming the practitioner and their regulatory body, and submit it to your plan administrator.

  1. 01

    Find the expense by name

    Search the A–Z table above for the CRA's own wording, or open the CRA's "Details of medical expenses" page. The wording is the rule: "whirlpool bath treatments" is on the list, "hot tub" is on it as an exclusion.

  2. 02

    Check the practitioner, and the province

    For a service, confirm the profession appears on the CRA's authorized-medical-practitioners list for the province where the service will be delivered — not the province where the employer is incorporated.

  3. 03

    Get the prescription or certification before you buy

    If the row is flagged for a prescription or a written certification, obtain it from an authorized practitioner first. A document written afterwards to support a claim is the weakest evidence you can offer.

  4. 04

    For devices, check Regulation 5700

    Paragraph 118.2(2)(m) of the Income Tax Act only reaches devices of a prescribed kind. Confirm the device appears on the schedule in section 5700 of the Income Tax Regulations.

  5. 05

    Rule out the exclusions

    Purely cosmetic purposes are excluded by subsection 118.2(2.1). Over-the-counter medications are excluded even when prescribed, and so are vitamins and supplements other than vitamin B12 for pernicious anaemia.

  6. 06

    Keep an itemized receipt

    The receipt should show the practitioner's name, their regulatory body, the date of service, and the amount paid. Keep it: the CRA can ask for it years later.

  7. 07

    Submit it to your plan administrator

    Your administrator reviews the claim against these same criteria. NuvioLife members have a Friendly Coverage Lookup built in, and approved claims are reimbursed in hours by EFT or Interac e-Transfer.

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Frequently asked questions

Eligible expenses, answered plainly

A Canadian Health Spending Account can reimburse any expense that qualifies for the Medical Expense Tax Credit under subsection 118.2(2) of the Income Tax Act — the list the CRA publishes for tax lines 33099 and 33199. It covers dental work, vision devices, prescription drugs, paramedical services, mental health care, medical devices on the Regulation 5700 schedule, fertility treatment, attendant care, and medical travel of 40 km or more one way. Interpretation Bulletin IT-339R2, paragraph 4, is what ties a private health services plan to that list, and it is a ceiling: a plan may cover less, never more.